Machine Learning
A type of AI where computers learn from data and improve over time without being explicitly programmed for every single step.
In Plain English
Imagine teaching a child to recognize a cat not by giving them a list of rules, but by showing them hundreds of cat photos. Machine learning works exactly the same way, using data instead of rigid instructions. The more examples the system sees, the better it gets at its specific task. A spam filter uses machine learning to figure out which emails are junk by studying millions of previous spam messages.
Real-World Example
Your email inbox automatically sending a sketchy lottery email to the spam folder.